Carbon monoxide oxidation by oxygen in water-acetonitrile solutions of palladium(II) bromide complexes in the presence of Co(II), Fe(II) and Mn(III) phthalocyaninates

Objectives. The objective of this paper was to compare acetylene oxidative dicarbonylation that leads to maleic anhydride with a side reaction of CO oxidation by oxygen in a PdBr₂-LiBr-H₂C-CH₃CN system and in the presence of insoluble (Co) and soluble (Co, Fe, and Mn) phthalocyaninates (PcM).

Methods. To study the oxidation of CO to CO₂, a kinetics method was used; UV and IR spectroscopy was used to determine the concentrations of initial and intermediate compounds.

Results. The knetics of CO to CO₂ oxidation were investigated and the reactivity series of PcM in CO oxidation and maleic anhydride synthesis was characterized. A satisfactory correlation was observed between reaction rates and PcM concentration, as well as the nature of metal, in both processes. The IR measurements of concentrations of Pd(II) and Pd(I) intermediate carbonyl complexes, and CO₂ concentrations, have made it possible to hypothesize the mechanism of CO₂ generation. The effect of PcM concentration on the concentrations of Pd(II)(CO) in CO oxidation has been shown.

Conclusions. Based on the data regarding CO oxidation and acetylene oxidative dicarbonylation, certain conditions have been proposed to effectively produce double-labeled maleic anhydride with ¹³C (from ¹³CO).

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