Contact crystallization of substances from solutions using evaporating refrigerants
https://doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2020-15-5-7-15
Abstract
Objectives. The aim of this study was to analyze the possibility of using contact crystallization with evaporating refrigerants for the isolation of substances from their aqueous solutions using salts [KNO3, NaI, and (NH2)2CO] as extraction examples and sucrose. Isobutane was used as a refrigerant.
Methods. The analysis of the influence of the main technological parameters (i.e., solution’s cooling temperature, initial concentration, and compressed refrigerant vapor pressure) on the separation process and identification of its regularities was performed using mathematical dependencies previously developed by N.I. Gelperin and G.A. Nosov for each stage of the contact crystallization process. The authors studied the influence of these parameters on the yield of crystalline and liquid phases, refrigerant consumption, and compressor power.
Results. The study showed that the use of evaporating refrigerants can significantly intensify the process of separating the mixture and spent refrigerant from the resulting crystalline suspension. This occurs owing to the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant that is in contact with the solution, which is accompanied by intense cooling. This process can be carried out at the temperature difference between the refrigerant and crystallizing mixture in the range of 0.5–1.0°C.
Conclusions. Contact crystallization with evaporating refrigerants can be successfully applied to separate various substances from aqueous solutions. An important advantage of this process is the relatively low refrigerant consumption because heat removal from the solution is carried out as a result of changes in the aggregate state of the refrigerant. The use of contact crystallization can also considerably simplify the equipment.
About the Authors
G. A. NоsоvRussian Federation
Gennadi А. Nosov, Dr. of Sci. (Engineering), Professor, N.I. Gel’perin Department of Processes and Apparatus of Chemical Technologies. Scopus Author ID 7003643516
86, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571, Russia
M. E. Uvаrоv
Russian Federation
Mikhail E. Uvarov, Senior Teacher, N.I. Gel’perin Department of Processes and Apparatus of Chemical Technologies
86, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571, Russia
References
1. Matusevich L.N. Kristallizatsiya iz rastvorov v khimicheskoi promyshlennosti (Crystallization from solutions in the chemical industry). Moscow: Khimiya; 1968. 304 р. (in Russ.).
2. Gel’perin N.I., Nosov G.A. Osnovy tekhniki fraktsionnoi kristallizatsii (Fundamentals of fractional crystallization technique). Moscow: Khimiya; 1986. 304 p. (in Russ.).
3. Mullin J.W. Crystallization. Oxford: Butterworth- Heinemann, 2001. 594 p.
4. Mikhalev M.F., Schuplyak I.A. Kontaktnaya kristallizatsiya (Contact crystallization). Leningrad: LGU Publishing House; 1983. 190 p. (in Russ.).
5. Challener C.A. Considering continuous crystallization. Pharm. Technol. 2015;39(5):38-40.
6. Elfassy E., Basel Y., Mastai Y. Crystallization of amino acids at the chiral ionic liquid/water interface. CrystEngComm. 2016;18(45):8769-8775. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6CE01726F
7. Kim H.J., Lee J. Novel porous materials prepared by repeated directional crystallization of solvent. Polymer Korea. 2015;9(1):151-156. https://doi.org/10.7317/pk.2015.39.1.151
8. Liu S., Hao L., Rao Z., Zhang X. Experimental study on crystallization process and prediction for the latent heat of ice slurry generation based sodium chloride solution. Appl. Energy. 2017;185(2):1948-1953. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.10.073
9. Stamenov L., Stefanova V., Petkov K., Iliev P. Study of the crystallization process of ferric sulfate hydrate from rich of Fe(III) waste solutions. J. Chem. Technol. Metall. 2017;52(2):333-339.
10. Rachah A., Noll D. Mathematical Analysis of a Continuous Crystallization Process. In: Anastassiou G., Duman O. (eds.). Intelligent Mathematics II: Applied Mathematics and Approximation Theory. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer, Cham. 2016;441:283-301. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30322-2_20
11. Horst J.H., Schmidt C., Ulrich J. Fundamentals of Industrial Crystallization. In book: Handbook of Crystal Growth. Bulk Crystal Growth: Second Edition. 2015;2:1317-1349. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63303-3.00032-8
12. Price C.J. Continuous Pharmaceutical Crystallization from Solution. In: Roberts K., Docherty R., Tamura R. (eds.). Engineering Crystallography: From Molecule to Crystal to Functional Form. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A: Chemistry and Biology. Springer, Dordrecht. 2017;1:315-329. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1117-1_19
13. Mancigotti S., Hamilton A. Salt crystallisation in pores: The effect of crystal growth rate on damage. WIT Trans. Built Environ. 2017;171:207-214. https://doi.org/10.2495/STR170181
14. Harada R. Development of small continuous crystallizer. J. Soc. Powder Technol. Japan. 2017;54(7):478-482. https://doi.org/10.4164/sptj.54.478
15. Pap L. Kontsentrirovanie vymorazhivaniem (Freezing Concentration). Moscow: Light and Food Industry; 1982. 96 p. (in Russ.).
16. Filatkin V.N., Plotnikov V.T. Razdelitel’nye vymorazhivayushchie ustanovki (Separating freezing installations). Moscow: Agropromizdat; 1987. 352 p. (in Russ.).
17. Nosov G.A., Kesoyan G.A., Popov D.A. Contact crystallization with using of cooled solvents. Tonkie khimicheskie tekhnologii = Fine Chemical Technologies. 2008;3(2):40-44 (in Russ.).
18. Semenov E.V., Slavyanskiy A.A. Peculiarities of the process of suspensions separation in rotors of filtering centrifuges. Khimicheskoe i Neftegazovoe Mashinostroenie. 2017;5:7-12 (in Russ.).
19. Nosov G.A., Uvarov M.E. Two-stage recrystallization with the regeneration of the solvent. Tonkie khimicheskie tekhnologii = Fine Chemical Technologies. 2017;12(1):50-56 (in Russ.).
Supplementary files
|
1. Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of contact crystallization with an evaporating refrigerant for the extraction of substances from aqueous solutions. | |
Subject | ||
Type | Исследовательские инструменты | |
View
(48KB)
|
Indexing metadata ▾ |
|
2. This is to certify that the paper titled Contact crystallization of substances from solutions using evaporating refrigerants commissioned to us by Gennadi А. Nоsоv, Мikhail Е. Uvаrоv has been edited for English language and spelling by Enago, an editing brand of Crimson Interactive Inc. | |
Subject | CERTIFICATE OF EDITING | |
Type | Other | |
View
(400KB)
|
Indexing metadata ▾ |
- The use of evaporating refrigerants considerably intensifies the process of separating the mixture and separating the spent refrigerant from the resulting crystalline suspension.
- Contact crystallization with evaporating refrigerants can be successfully applied to separate various substances from aqueous solutions.
- The advantage of this process is the relatively low refrigerant consumption because heat removal from the solution is carried out as a result of changes in the aggregate state of the refrigerant.
Review
For citations:
Nоsоv G.A., Uvаrоv M.E. Contact crystallization of substances from solutions using evaporating refrigerants. Fine Chemical Technologies. 2020;15(5):7-15. https://doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2020-15-5-7-15