chemicallytechFine Chemical TechnologiesТонкие химические технологии2410-65932686-7575MIREA – Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA).chemicallytech-448Research ArticleCHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF MEDICINAL COMPOUNDS AND BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCESХИМИЯ И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙStructural biology of lipoxygenases: current knowledge and further developmentСтруктурная биология липоксигеназ: настоящее и перспективы развитияИвановИ. В.IvanovI. V.

кафедра Химии и технологии биологически активных соединений им. Н.А. Преображенского, научный сотрудник

igor_ivanov@gmx.deГрозаН. В.GrozaN. V.

кафедра Химии и технологии биологически активных соединений им. Н.А. Преображенского, ассистент

noemail@neicon.ruМягковаГ. И.MyagkovaG. I.

кафедра Химии и технологии биологически активных соединений им. Н.А. Преображенского, ведущий научный сотрудник

noemail@neicon.ruКюнХ. .KühnH.

профессор

noemail@neicon.ruИнститут токсикологии и фармакологии, Медицинский университет г. Ростока, Росток, D-18057 Германия; МИТХТ им. М.В. Ломоносова, 119571, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 86РоссияInstitute of Biochemistry, Medicine University Berlin-Charité, D-10117 Berlin, Germany; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University of Fine Chemical Technologies, 86, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow 119571Russian FederationМИТХТ им. М.В. Ломоносова, 119571, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 86РоссияM.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University of Fine Chemical Technologies, 86, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow 119571Russian FederationИнститут биохимии, Медицинский университет Шарите, Берлин, D-10115ГерманияInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxycology, Medicine University of Rostock, D-18057 RostockGermany20142808201494326Copyright © Ivanov I.V., Groza N.V., Myagkova G.I., Kühn H..., 20142014Иванов И.В., Гроза Н.В., Мягкова Г.И., Кюн Х...Ivanov I.V., Groza N.V., Myagkova G.I., Kühn H.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/448

Lipoxygenases (LOX) form a heterogeneous family of lipid peroxidizing enzymes, which have been implicated in the synthesis of inflammatory mediators. The involvement of LOX isoenzymes in regulation of physiological homeostasis and pathogenesis of various diseases with major health and political relevance made them potential targets for pharmacological intervention. Although the first plant lipoxygenase (soybean LOX1) was discovered more than 60 years ago, the structural aspects of these enzymes were not studied until the mid 1990s. For the time being the crystal structures of various lipoxygenase-isoforms have been reported, and X-ray coordinates for numerous enzyme-ligand complexes are also available. This review focuses on recent developments in molecular enzymology of LOX and summarizes our current knowledge on the structural basis of LOX catalysis. Hypotheses explaining the reaction specificity of different isoforms as well as evolutionary aspects are reviewed and discussed. As the review is mainly intended to cover thematic priorities, which have not been reviewed in the past, a detailed discussion of the biological function of LOX goes beyond the scope of this review.

Липоксигеназы (LOX) - ферменты перекисного окисления липидов - вовлечены в патогенез воспалительных и гиперпролиферативных реакций организма. Несмотря на то, что первая липоксигеназа растительного происхождения (LOX1 сои) была обнаружена более 60 лет назад, структурная биология этой группы ферментов не изучалась вплоть до середины 1990-ых годов. Данный обзор посвящен новейшим аспектам в области изучения молекулярной энзимологии липоксигеназ и обобщает существующие в настоящее время представления о структурных основах катализа с их участием. В обзоре рассмотрены различные гипотезы, объясняющие реакционную специфичность LOX, а также подведен промежуточный итог в области знания об эволюционном развитии этого класса ферментов в различных организмах. Несмотря на то, что биологическая роль LOX в низших организмах далеко не ясна, наличие в их ДНК последовательности LOX позволяет предположить, что семейство этих ферментов могло возникнуть сразу после появления атмосферного кислорода на Земле.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.