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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">chemicallytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Fine Chemical Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тонкие химические технологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-6593</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7575</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MIREA – Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA).</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2410-6593-2026-21-2-226-236</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">DQUAQT</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">chemicallytech-2389</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SYNTHESIS AND PROCESSING OF POLYMERS AND POLYMERIC COMPOSITES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СИНТЕЗ И ПЕРЕРАБОТКА ПОЛИМЕРОВ И КОМПОЗИТОВ НА ИХ ОСНОВЕ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Features of changes in the electrical resistance of mixtures of crystallizing polymers with carbon black upon heating</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности изменения электрического сопротивления смесей кристаллизующихся полимеров с техническим углеродом при нагревании</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7952-7419</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марков Анатолий Викторович, д.т.н., профессор, кафедра химии и технологии переработки пластмасс и полимерных композитов, Институт тонких химических технологий им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57222377754</p><p>119454, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly V. Markov, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Plastics and Polymer Composites Processing, M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57222377754</p><p>78, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">markovan@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4418-5825</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зверев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zverev</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зверев Александр Евгеньевич, аспирант, кафедра химии и технологии переработки пластмасс и полимерных композитов, Институт тонких химических технологий им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>Scopus Author ID 59394532100, ResearcherID ABJ-9575-2022</p><p>119454, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander E. Zverev, Postgraduate Student, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Plastics and Polymer Composites Processing, M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies</p><p>Scopus Author ID 59394532100, ResearcherID ABJ-9575-2022</p><p>78, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">azmonst@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1894-8604</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калугина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalugina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калугина Елена Владимировна, д.х.н., заместитель директора; профессор, кафедра химии и технологии переработки пластмасс и полимерных композитов, Институт тонких химических технологий им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>Scopus Author ID 6603064139</p><p>119454, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 78</p><p>119530, Москва, Очаковское шоссе, д. 18, стр. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Kalugina, Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Deputy Director; Professor, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Plastics and Polymer Composites Processing, M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies</p><p>Scopus Author ID 6603064139</p><p>78, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454</p><p>18/3, Ochakovskoe sh., Moscow, 119530</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalugina@polyplastic.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-9107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марков</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марков Василий Анатольевич, к.т.н., ведущий инженер-программист</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57189505018</p><p>119192, Москва, Раменский бульвар, д. 1, Инновационный научно технологический центр МГУ «Воробьевы горы», кластер «Ломоносов»</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily A. Markov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Lead Software Engineer</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57189505018</p><p>1, Ramenskii bul., MSU Innovative Scientific and Technological Center “Vorob’evy Gory,” cluster “Lomonosov,” Moscow, 119192</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">markov.vasily@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МИРЭА – Российский технологический университет (Институт тонких химических технологий  им. М.И. Ломоносова)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MIREA – Russian Technological University (M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МИРЭА – Российский технологический университет (Институт тонких химических технологий  им. М.И. Ломоносова); ООО «Группа ПОЛИПЛАСТИК»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MIREA – Russian Technological University (M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies); POLYPLASTIC Group</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «БЭЛЛ ИНТЕГРАТОР ИННОВАЦИИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bell Integrator Innovations</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>226</fpage><lpage>236</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Markov A.V., Zverev A.E., Kalugina E.V., Markov V.A., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Марков А.В., Зверев А.Е., Калугина Е.В., Марков В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Markov A.V., Zverev A.E., Kalugina E.V., Markov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/2389">https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/2389</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. The effects of positive and negative temperature coefficients (PTC and NTC, respectively) in carbon black-filled conductive polymer composites based on high-density polyethylene grade 277-73 and polypropylene grade 01050 were investigated. Carbon black electrically conducting grade OMCARB C-140 (UM-76) was used as the filler.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. To study the electrical characteristics of the compositions, plates were pressed with brass contact electrodes at the plate ends to simulate polymer heaters. The electrical resistance of the samples was evaluated using an ohmmeter DT9208A (RESANTA, Latvia). Tests at elevated temperatures were carried out in an SNOL 3.5 heat chamber (NPF TherMIX, Russia) with a heating rate of ~3℃/min. The crystallinity of the samples during heating was assessed by differential scanning calorimetry on a DSC 204F1 Phoenix device (NETZSCH, Germany) with a heating rate of 3℃/min.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The complex PTC and NTC mechanisms in mixed polymer compositions are not solely related to thermal expansion and melting of the polymer. While changes in the electrical resistance of carbon-filled polymer composites are associated with the presence of crystalline regions with defects, the destruction of the conductive channels occurs at the earliest stages of polymer melting due to the formation of expanding amorphous “microdroplets” of the hot melt. For a carbon-filled, electrically conductive mixture of polyethylene and polypropylene, the magnitude and nature of the change in the peak temperature of the PTC depends on the melting onset temperature of the lowest-melting phase of polyethylene. At the same time, the heterogeneity of the mixtures of crystallizing polymers with technical carbon increases the thermal stability of the material by expanding the PTC zone into the melting region of the higher-melting phase of polypropylene. When comparing electrically conductive compositions of polymers with different melting points and carbon black, the low-melting polymer determines the temperature of self-regulation and the nature of PTC, while the high-melting polymer shifts the jump in electrical conductivity to the region of elevated temperatures.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The activation energies of carbon-filled mixtures of polyethylene and polypropylene, which are weakly dependent on the mixing method, are approximately 44 ± 3 kJ/mol. The obtained values are consistent with the activation energy values for the viscous melt flow process. The method of mixing the components in mixtures of carbon-filled compositions based on crystallizing polymers was found to have little effect on PTC. The use of carbon-filled polymer compositions with a mixed matrix of polyethylene and polypropylene allows for the regulation of the intensity of PTC and NTC.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цели</title><p>Цели. Исследовать эффекты положительного и отрицательного температурных коэффициентов (ПТК и ОТК соответственно) саженаполненных электропроводных полимерных композиционных материалов на основе полиэтилена высокой плотности марки 277-73 и полипропилена марки 01050, где в качестве наполнителя использовали технический углерод специальной электропроводной марки Omcarb C-140 (УМ-76).</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Для исследования электрических характеристик композиций были отпрессованы пластины с запрессованными на концах контактными электродами из обезжиренной латунной сeтки, моделирующие полимерные нагреватели. Электрическое сопротивление образцов оценивали с помощью омметра DT9208A (РЕСАНТА, Латвия). Испытания при повышенных температурах проводили в термошкафу СНОЛ 3.5 (НПФ ТермИКС, Россия) со скоростью нагревания ~3℃/мин. Степень кристалличности образцов при нагревании оценивали методом дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии на приборе DSC 204F1 Phoenix (NETZSCH, Германия) со скоростью нагревания 3℃/мин.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Показано, что механизмы ПТК и ОТК в смесевых полимерных композициях носят комплексный характер и не связаны только с тепловым расширением и плавлением полимера. Изменение электрического сопротивления саженаполненных полимерных композиций происходит из-за наличия дефектных кристаллических участков. На ранних стадиях начала плавления полимера токопроводящие каналы разрушаются за счет появления расширяющихся аморфных «микрокапель» его расплава. Для саженаполненной электропроводной смесевой композиции полиэтилена и полипропилена величина и характер изменения пика ПТК зависят от температуры начала плавления наиболее низкоплавкой фазы полиэтилена. При этом гетерогенность смесей кристаллизующихся полимеров с техническим углеродом повышает термическую устойчивость материала за счет расширения зоны ПТК в область плавления более высокоплавкой фазы полипропилена. Для электропроводных композиций двух полимеров с различной температурой плавления и технического углерода показано, что низкоплавкий полимер задает температуру «саморегулирования» и характер ПТК, в то время как высокоплавкий полимер смещает скачок электрической проводимости материала в область повышенных температур.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Установлено, что энергии активации смесевых саженаполненных композиций полиэтилена с полипропиленом мало зависят от способов смешения и составляют 44 ± 3 кДж/моль. Полученные величины совпадают со значениями энергии активации процесса вязкого течения расплава. Установлено, что способ совмещения компонентов смесей саженаполненных композиций на основе кристаллизующихся полимеров мало влияет на эффект ПТК. Установлено, что использование саженаполненных полимерных композиций со смесевой матрицей полиэтилена и полипропилена позволяет регулировать интенсивность эффектов ПТК и ОТК.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электропроводные полимерные композиционные материалы</kwd><kwd>положительный и отрицательный температурные коэффициенты</kwd><kwd>полиэтилен</kwd><kwd>полипропилен</kwd><kwd>технический углерод</kwd><kwd>степень кристалличности</kwd><kwd>удельное электрическое сопротивление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>conductive polymer composites</kwd><kwd>positive and negative temperature coefficients</kwd><kwd>polyethylene</kwd><kwd>polypropylene</kwd><kwd>carbon black</kwd><kwd>degree of crystallinity</kwd><kwd>specific electrical resistance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в соответствии с научно-исследовательской инициативной темой 195-ИТХТ.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out in accordance with research initiative topic 195-ITKhT.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Frydman E. 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