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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">chemicallytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Fine Chemical Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тонкие химические технологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-6593</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7575</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MIREA – Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA).</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2410-6593-2025-20-5-441-453</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ARSHVH</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">chemicallytech-2301</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF MEDICINAL COMPOUNDS AND BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЯ И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Symmetrical and asymmetric dimeric cationic amphiphiles based on lipopeptides of irregular structure as potential components of cationic liposomes</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Симметричные и асимметричные димерные катионные амфифилы на основе липопептидов нерегулярного строения в качестве потенциальных компонентов катионных липосом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5974-4809</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Володин</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volodin</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Володин Тимофей Алексеевич, магистрант, кафедра химии и технологии биологически активных соединений, медицинской и органической химии им. Н.А. Преображенского, Институт тонких химических технологий им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>119454, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timofey A. Volodin, Master Student, N.A. Preobrazhensky Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry</p><p>78, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">c-221@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2510-617X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поликашина</surname><given-names>П. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polikashina</surname><given-names>P. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поликашина Полина Павловна, магистрант, кафедра химии и технологии биологически активных соединений, медицинской и органической химии им. Н.А. Преображенского, Институт тонких химических технологий им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>119454, Россия, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina P. Polikashina, Master Student, N.A. Preobrazhensky Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry</p><p>78, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1702-9435</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буданова</surname><given-names>У. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Budanova</surname><given-names>U. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Буданова Ульяна Александровна, к.х.н., доцент, кафедра химии и технологии биологически активных соединений, медицинской и органической химии им. Н.А. Преображенского, Институт тонких химических технологий им. М.В. Ломоносова,</p><p>119454,  Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 78</p><p>Scopus Author ID 14622352500, ResearcherID E-1659-2014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ulyana A. Budanova, Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Associate Professor, N.A. Preobrazhensky Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medical and Organic Chemistry </p><p>78,Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">c-221@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-378X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Себякин</surname><given-names>Ю. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sebyakin</surname><given-names>Y. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Себякин Юрий Львович, д.х.н., профессор, профессор кафедры химии и технологии биологически активных соединений, медицинской и органической химии им. Н.А. Преображенского, Институт тонких химических технологий им. М.В. Ломоносова</p><p>119454, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 78)</p><p>Scopus Author ID 6701455145, ResearcherID T-2835-2019</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yurii L. Sebyakin, Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Professor, N.A. Preobrazhensky Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medical and Organic Chemistry</p><p>78, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МИРЭА – Российский технологический университет (Институт тонких химических технологий им. М.В. Ломоносова)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MIREA – Russian Technological University (M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>441</fpage><lpage>453</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Volodin T.A., Polikashina P.P., Budanova U.A., Sebyakin Y.L., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Володин Т.А., Поликашина П.П., Буданова У.А., Себякин Ю.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volodin T.A., Polikashina P.P., Budanova U.A., Sebyakin Y.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/2301">https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/2301</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. Gene therapy techniques based on the introduction of therapeutic nucleic acids into body cells are currently being developed for the treatment of diseases with a genetic etiology. Among modern drug delivery systems, nonviral agents based on the use of a variety of lipids to produce liposomes and micelles occupy a special place. This work sets out to synthesize and study the properties of dimeric cationic amphiphiles of irregular structure with symmetric and asymmetric hydrophobic blocks in order to determine the influence of structure on physicochemical properties and evaluate the prospects of their application as transfection agents.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The formation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks involves reactions of L-cystine derivatives and L-glutamic acid and diethanolamine diesters using the condensing agents: dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) + 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) or hexafluorophosphate benzotriazole tetramethyl uranium (HBTU) + diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA). In order to isolate the reaction products from the reaction mixture, column chromatography and/or preparative thin-layer chromatography on silica gel were used. The structure of the obtained compounds was confirmed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Synthesized lipopeptides in aqueous medium formed liposomal dispersions whose particle size was determined by photon correlation spectroscopy.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Schemes for the preparation of novel dimeric cationic amphiphiles based on L-cystine derivatives were devised. The hydrophobic blocks of the obtained compounds include diesters of diethanolamine and L-glutamic acid (C10, C14, and C16). Targeted lipopeptides were used to obtain liposomal dispersed systems mixed with natural lipids. The hydrodynamic size of the particles formed in all dispersions was determined to be within the range of 50 to 200 nm.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The physicochemical properties of aqueous dispersions based on the synthesized compounds were investigated. Dimeric amphiphiles mixed with phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol form liposomal particles. The impact of amphiphile structure on aggregate size was demonstrated. The number of L-ornithine residues (0, 1, 2) in the target products was found to be the most significant parameter affecting the particle size.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цели</title><p>Цели. В настоящее время для лечения заболеваний, имеющих генетическое происхождение, разрабатываются методы генной терапии, основанные на доставке в клетки организма терапевтических нуклеиновых кислот. Среди современных систем доставки лекарственных средств особое место занимают невирусные средства, основанные на использовании разнообразных липидов для получения липосом и мицелл. Целью данной работы является синтез и изучение свойств димерных катионных амфифилов нерегулярного строения с симметричным и ассиметричным гидрофобным блоком для определения влияния структуры на физико-химические свойства, что позволит оценить перспективы их применения в качестве трансфекционных агентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Формирование гидрофобных и гидрофильных блоков предполагает проведение реакций производных L-цистина и диэфиров L-глутаминовой кислоты и диэтаноламина с помощью конденсирующих агентов: N,N-дициклогексилкарбодиимида (DCC) + 4-диметиламинопиридина (DMAP) или гексафторфосфат бензотриазолтетраметилурония (HBTU) + диизопропилэтиламина (DIPEA). Для выделения продуктов реакции из реакционной смеси применялась колоночная хроматография и/или препаративная тонкослойная хроматография на силикагеле. Структура полученных соединений подтверждена данными спектроскопии ядерного магнитного резонанса 1Н и масс-спектрометрии. Синтезированные липопептиды в водной среде образовывали липосомальные дисперсии, размер частиц которых определяли методом фотонно-корреляционной спектроскопии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Разработаны схемы получения новых димерных катионных амфифилов на основе производных L-цистина. Гидрофобные блоки полученных соединений включают диэфиры диэтаноламина и L-глутаминовой кислоты (С10, С14 и С16). Целевые липопептиды были использованы для получения липосомальных дисперсных систем в смеси с природными липидами. Для всех дисперсий определен гидродинамический размер сформированных частиц, который находится в интервале от 50 до 200 нм.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Изучены физико-химические свойства водных дисперсий на основе синтезированных соединений. Димерные амфифилы в смеси с фосфатидилхолином и холестерином образуют липосомальные частицы. Показано влияние структуры амфифилов на размер получаемых агрегатов. Установлено, что наиболее значимым параметром, влияющим на размер частиц, является число остатков L-орнитина (0, 1, 2) в составе целевых продуктов. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>симметричные и асимметричные димерные катионные амфифилы</kwd><kwd>производные L-цистина</kwd><kwd>катионные липосомы</kwd><kwd>липопептиды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>symmetric and asymmetric dimeric cationic amphiphiles</kwd><kwd>L-cystine derivatives</kwd><kwd>cationic liposomes</kwd><kwd>lipopeptides</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена с использованием оборудования Центра коллективного пользования РТУ МИРЭА при поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации в рамках соглашения № 075-15-2021-689 от 01.09.2021 г.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was performed using the equipment of the Center for Collective Use at the RTU MIREA and supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (agreement No. 075-15-2021-689 dated September 01, 2021).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yadav M.R., Kumar M., Murumkar P.R. 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