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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">chemicallytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Fine Chemical Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тонкие химические технологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-6593</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7575</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MIREA – Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA).</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2410-6593-2023-18-6-559-571</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">chemicallytech-2014</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF INORGANIC MATERIALS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЯ И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ НЕОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A green synthetic method for cobalt(II,III) oxide nanoparticles with high surface activity</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>«Зеленый» метод синтеза наночастиц оксида кобальта(II,III)  с улучшенной поверхностной активностью</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2738-9645</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абсалан</surname><given-names>Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Absalan</surname><given-names>Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абсалан Яхья, к.х.н., научный сотрудник</p><p>9177948974, Иран, Мешхед, Разави Хорасан</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57195604436, ResearcherID C-1074-2019</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yahya Absalan, Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Researcher</p><p>Razavi Khorasan Province, Mashhad, 9177948974</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57195604436, ResearcherID C-1074-2019</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yahyaabsalan2014@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7274-6803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алабада</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alabada</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алабада Русул, к.х.н., ассистент</p><p>66001, Ирак, Самава, провинция Аль-Мутанна</p><p>Scopus Author ID 56600857900</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rusul Alabada, Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Assistant</p><p>Al-Muthanna Province, Al-Samawah, 66001</p><p>Scopus Author ID 56600857900</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ms.rusul@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Разави</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Razavi</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Разави Мохаммад Реза, студент</p><p>9177948974, Иран, Мешхед, Разави Хорасан</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57448976600</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mohammad Reza Razavi, Student</p><p>Razavi Khorasan Province, Mashhad, 9177948974</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57448976600</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yahyaabsalan2014@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9947-2248</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голизадех</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gholizadeh</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Голизадех Мостафа, к.х.н., научный сотрудник</p><p>9177948974, Иран, Мешхед, Разави Хорасан</p><p>Scopus Author ID 55907553300, ResearcherID E-8281-2017</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mostafa Gholizadeh, Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Researcher</p><p>Razavi Khorasan Province, Mashhad, 9177948974</p><p>Scopus Author ID 55907553300, ResearcherID E-8281-2017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yahyaabsalan2014@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2286-0565</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авраменко</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avramenko</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авраменко Оксана Владимировна, к.х.н., доцент кафедры общей химии</p><p>117198, Россия, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p><p>Scopus Author ID 6603223708, ResearcherID E-6124-2018</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana V. Avramenko, Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Associate Professor, Department of General Chemistry</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya Ul., Moscow, 117198</p><p>Scopus Author ID 6603223708, ResearcherID E-6124-2018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avramenko-ov@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бычкова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bychkova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бычкова Ирина Николаевна, к.т.н., директор Института химических технологий и промышленной экологии</p><p>115035, Россия, Москва, ул. Садовническая, д. 33</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Bychkova, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Director of the Institute of Chemical Technology and Industrial Ecology</p><p>33, Sadovnicheskaya ul., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bychkova-in@rguk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6684-5829</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковальчукова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalchukova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ковальчукова Ольга Владимировна, д.х.н., заведующий кафедрой неорганической и аналитической химии</p><p>115035, Россия, Москва, ул. Садовническая, д. 33</p><p>Scopus Author ID 6602446862, ResearcherID E-5904-2014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Kovalchukova, Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Head of the Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Kosygin State University of Russia</p><p>33, Sadovnicheskaya ul., Moscow, 117997</p><p>Scopus Author ID 6602446862, ResearcherID E-5904-2014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kovalchukova-ov@rguk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Мешхедский университет им. Фирдоуси</institution><country>Иран</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ferdowsi University of Mashhad</institution><country>Islamic Republic of Iran</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Аль-Мутанна</institution><country>Ирак</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Al-Muthanna University</institution><country>Iraq</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов (РУДН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный университет им. А.Н. Косыгина (Технологии. Дизайн. Искусство)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kosygin Russian State University (Technology, Design, Art)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов (РУДН); Российский государственный университет им. А.Н. Косыгина (Технологии. Дизайн. Искусство)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University); Kosygin Russian State University (Technology, Design, Art)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>559</fpage><lpage>571</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Absalan Y., Alabada R., Razavi M.R., Gholizadeh M., Avramenko O.V., Bychkova I.N., Kovalchukova O.V., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абсалан Я., Алабада Р., Разави М.Р., Голизадех М., Авраменко О.В., Бычкова И.Н., Ковальчукова О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Absalan Y., Alabada R., Razavi M.R., Gholizadeh M., Avramenko O.V., Bychkova I.N., Kovalchukova O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/2014">https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/2014</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. To develop a new green method for the synthesis of nanosized materials of cobalt(II,III) oxide, with improved surface activity, using environmentally friendly precursors and solvents.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A green method was proposed, in order to isolate Co3O4 nanoparticles with high surface activity. Instead of the usual organic solvents, three different natural sugars, including glycogen, sucrose, and glucose were used for the first time as templates. Water as a green solvent was used in all the steps. The polymorphic composition of the synthesized samples was determined by means of X-ray phase analysis. The morphology of the obtained crystallites was studied from micrographs of the oxide phases. Image Pro Plus 6 software was used to measure the size of nanoparticles. The surface activity of the isolated samples was studied using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method and the Langmuir method. The Barret–Joyner–Halenda method was used to determine the diameter, volume, and distribution of pores.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The crystallite sizes of the samples are 23 nm, 36 nm, and 30 nm for glucose, glycogen, and sucrose templates, respectively. Adsorption–desorption isotherms for samples obtained from complexes of glucose and sucrose correspond to type IV, indicating a strong interaction between the adsorbent and the adsorbed sample. The isotherm for the sample isolated from the complex with glycogen is of a different type and most likely indicates that this sample is almost completely mesoporous. The pore radii are found in the interval 1.2–1.6 nm.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. A new green method for the synthesis of nanosized particles of Co(II,III) oxide using natural saccharides and deionized water was developed. The composition, morphology, structure, and surface activity of the samples obtained were studied. It was shown that due to the polymeric structure of their metal complexes and the ability to bind active carbon on the surface of nanoparticles, natural saccharides can be used as matrices in the synthesis of nanosized metal oxides with high surface activity.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цели</title><p>Цели. Разработать новый «зеленый» метод синтеза наноразмерных материалов оксида кобальта(II,III) с улучшенной поверхностной активностью, используя неопасные для окружающей среды прекурсоры и растворители.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Предложен новый метод выделения наноразмерных частиц Co3O4 с высоко-развитой поверхностью. В качестве матриц впервые применены природные сахариды ― гликоген, сахароза и глюкоза. В роли экологически чистого растворителя на всех стадиях процесса используется вода. Полиморфный состав синтезированных образцов определяли с помощью рентгенофазового анализа. Морфологию полученных кристаллитов изучали по микрофотографиям оксидных фаз. Для измерения размера наночастиц использовалось программное обеспечение Image Pro Plus 6. Поверхностную активность выделенных образцов изучали методом Брунауэра–Эммета–Теллера и методом Ленгмюра. Для определения диаметра, объема и распределения пор применялся метод Баррета–Джойнера–Халенды.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Размеры кристаллитов синтезированных образцов составляют 23, 36 и 30 нм для матриц глюкозы, гликогена и сахарозы соответственно. Изотермы адсорбции– десорбции для образцов, полученных на основе комплексов глюкозы и сахарозы, соответствуют IV типу, что свидетельствует о сильном взаимодействии между адсорбентом и адсорбированным образцом. Изотерма для образца, выделенного на основе комплекса с гликогеном, относится к другому типу и, скорее всего, указывает на то, что этот образец почти полностью мезопористый. Радиус пор составляет 1.2–1.6 нм.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Разработан новый «зеленый» метод синтеза наноразмерных частиц оксида кобальта(II,III) с использованием природных сахаридов и деионизированной воды. Исследованы состав, морфология, строение и поверхностная активность полученных образцов. Показано, что природные сахариды благодаря полимерной структуре их металлокомплексов и способности связывать активный углерод на поверхности нано-частиц, могут быть использованы в качестве матриц при синтезе наноразмерных оксидов металлов с большой поверхностной активностью.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наночастицы оксида кобальта(II</kwd><kwd>III)</kwd><kwd>синтез</kwd><kwd>поверхностная активность</kwd><kwd>рентгенофазовый анализ</kwd><kwd>ИК-спектроскопия</kwd><kwd>электронная спектроскопия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nanoparticles of cobalt(II</kwd><kwd>III) oxide</kwd><kwd>synthesis</kwd><kwd>surface activity</kwd><kwd>X-ray phase analysis</kwd><kwd>Fourier transform IR spectroscopy</kwd><kwd>electron spectroscopy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Публикация выполнена при поддержке Программы стратегического академического лидерства РУДН, Россия, и Исследовательского совета Мешхедского университета имени Фирдоуси, Иран.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the RUDN University Strategic Academic Leadership Program, Russia, and the Research Council of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sindhwani S., Chan W.C.W. 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