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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">chemicallytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Fine Chemical Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тонкие химические технологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-6593</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7575</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MIREA – Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA).</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2410-6593-2022-17-5-439-449</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">chemicallytech-1884</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF INORGANIC MATERIALS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЯ И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ НЕОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Effect of activating additives on the cold sintering process of (MnFeCoNiCu)3O4 high-entropy ceramics</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние активирующих добавок на процесс холодного спекания высокоэнтропийной керамики (MnFeCoNiCu)3O4</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4415-5747</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнов Андрей Владимирович, к.т.н., заведующий отделением технологий перспективных материалов Инжинирингового центра мобильных решений</p><p>119454, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 78</p><p>ResearcherID J-2763-2017</p><p>Scopus Author ID 56970389000</p><p>SPIN-код РИНЦ 2919-9250</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Smirnov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Department of Advanced Materials Technologies</p><p>78, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454</p><p>ResearcherID J-2763-2017</p><p>Scopus Author ID 56970389000</p><p>RSCI SPIN-code 2919-9250</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smirnov_av@mirea.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8416-3071</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивакин</surname><given-names>Ю. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivakin</surname><given-names>Yu. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ивакин Юрий Дмитриевич, к.х.н., старший научный сотрудник кафедры физической химии, Химический факультет</p><p>119234, Москва, ул. Колмогорова, 1, стр. 3</p><p>ResearcherID N-9483-2013</p><p>Scopus Author ID 6603058433</p><p>SPIN-код РИНЦ 7337-4173</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri D. Ivakin, Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Senior Researcher, Department of Physical Chemistry</p><p>1-3, Kolmogorova ul., Moscow, 119234</p><p>ResearcherID N-9483-2013</p><p>Scopus Author ID 6603058433</p><p>RSCI SPIN-code 7337-4173</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yu.ivakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6104-7716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнюшин</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kornyushin</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корнюшин Максим Витальевич, инженер лаборатории керамических и композиционных материалов Инжинирингового центра мобильных решений</p><p>119454, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 78</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57219230569</p><p>SPIN-код РИНЦ 7995-3408</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim V. Kornyushin, Engineer, Laboratory of Ceramic and Composite Materials</p><p>78, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57219230569</p><p>RSCI SPIN-code 7995-3408</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kornyushin@mirea.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9627-2355</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Холодкова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kholodkova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Холодкова Анастасия Андреевна, к.х.н., младший научный сотрудник кафедры физической химии</p><p>119234, Москва, ул. Колмогорова, 1, стр. 3</p><p>ResearcherID M-2169-2016</p><p>Scopus Author ID 56530861400</p><p>SPIN-код РИНЦ 7256-7784</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia A. Kholodkova, Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Junior Researcher, Department of Physical Chemistry</p><p>1-3, Kolmogorova ul., Moscow, 119234</p><p>ResearcherID M-2169-2016</p><p>Scopus Author ID 56530861400</p><p>RSCI SPIN-code 7256-7784</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anakholo@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9501-2316</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васин</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васин Александр Александрович, к.т.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории керамических и композиционных материалов Инжинирингового центра мобильных решений</p><p>119454, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 78</p><p>Researcher ID К-3214-2015</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57211840246</p><p>SPIN-код РИНЦ 3864-9132</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Vasin, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Ceramic and Composite Materials</p><p>78, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454</p><p>ResearcherID К-3214-2015</p><p>Scopus Author ID 57211840246</p><p>RSCI SPIN-code 3864-9132</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexandrvasin123@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6530-6308</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аюдинян</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ayudinyan</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>София Айдинян, к.х.н., старший научный сотрудник</p><p>0014, Ереван, ул. П. Севака, д. 5/2</p><p>Scopus Author ID 24479551800</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofia Aydinyan, Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Senior Researcher</p><p>5/2, P. Sevak ul., Yerevan, 0014</p><p>Scopus Author ID 24479551800</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sofiyaaydinyan25@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1103-7952</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киракосян</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirakosyan</surname><given-names>H. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асмик В. Киракосян, к.х.н., младший научный сотрудник</p><p>0014, Ереван, ул. П. Севака, д. 5/2</p><p>Scopus Author ID 56925595700</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hasmik V. Kirakosyan, Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Junior Researcher</p><p>5/2, P. Sevak ul., Yerevan, 0014</p><p>Scopus Author ID 56925595700</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hasmik-kirakosyan@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Инжиниринговый центр мобильных решений, МИРЭА – Российский технологический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mobile Solutions Engineering Center, MIREA – Russian Technological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Инжиниринговый центр мобильных решений, МИРЭА – Российский технологический университет; Химический факультет, Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mobile Solutions Engineering Center, MIREA – Russian Technological University; Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт химической физики им. А.Б. Налбандяна</institution><country>Армения</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.B. Nalbandyan Institute of Chemical Physics, National Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Armenia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>439</fpage><lpage>449</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Smirnov A.V., Ivakin Y.D., Kornyushin M.V., Kholodkova A.A., Vasin A.A., Ayudinyan S., Kirakosyan H.V., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смирнов А.В., Ивакин Ю.Д., Корнюшин М.В., Холодкова А.А., Васин A.A., Аюдинян С., Киракосян А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smirnov A.V., Ivakin Y.D., Kornyushin M.V., Kholodkova A.A., Vasin A.A., Ayudinyan S., Kirakosyan H.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1884">https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1884</self-uri><abstract><p>Objectives. To obtain experimental data on the effect of activating additive type on the cold sintering process of (MnFeCoNiCu)3O4 high-entropy ceramic. The following substances were used as activating additives: ammonium acetate (CH3COONH4), acetic acid (CH3COOH), ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), potassium fluoride dihydrate (КF·2H2O), lithium fluoride (LiF), sodium fluoride (NaF), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH).Methods. Synthesis of the initial powder by low-temperature self-propagating method; investigation of the powder particles size distribution by laser diffraction method; analysis of the particle shape and compacted sample microstructure by scanning electron microscopy; investigation of the phase composition by X-ray phase analysis; high-entropy ceramic sample consolidation by cold sintering process. The density of the initial powder and the relative density of cold sintered samples were determined by the Archimedes method.Results. Samples with a relative density of over 0.70 were obtained using distilled water, CH3COONH4 and NaOH during cold sintering at 300 °C, with a holding time of 30 min and pressure 315 MPa.Conclusions. For the first time, the effect of the type of activating additive on the relative density of high-entropy ceramics (MnFeCoNiCu)3O4 samples obtained by cold sintering process has been experimentally demonstrated. The samples microstructures have pronounced differences: 20 wt % distilled water does not lead to grain growth, with only their compaction to 0.71 relative density observed; however, the addition of 0.1 wt % CH3COONH4 and NaOH increases the average grain size when reaching similar relative densities (0.70 and 0.71, respectively). X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the cold sintering process does not lead to a change in the phase composition of the initial (MnFeCoNiCu)3O4 powder, confirming the preservation of the high-entropy structure.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цели. Получение экспериментальных данных о влиянии вида активирующей добавки на процесс холодного спекания высокоэнтропийной керамики состава (MnFeCoNiCu)3O4. В качестве активирующих добавок были использованы: ацетат аммония (CH3COONH4), уксусная кислота (CH3COOH), аммоний хлористый (NH4Cl), калий фтористый 2-х водный (КF·2H2O), литий фтористый (LiF), натрий фтористый (NaF), гидроксид натрия (NaOH).Методы. Синтез исходного порошка методом низкотемпературного самораспространяющегося синтеза; исследование гранулометрического состава порошка методом лазерной дифракции; анализ формы частиц и микроструктуры скомпактированных образцов методом сканирующей электронной микроскопии; анализ фазового состава методом рентгенофазового анализа; консолидация образцов высокоэнтропийной керамики методом холодного спекания; плотность исходного порошка и относительная плотность образцов керамики холодного спекания определялись методом Архимеда.Результаты. Образцы с относительной плотностью свыше 0.70 получены с применением дистиллированной воды, CH3COONH4 и NaOH в процессе холодного спекания при температуре 300 °С, времени выдержки 30 мин и давлении прессования 315 МПа.Выводы. Впервые экспериментально показано влияние вида активирующей добавки на относительную плотность образцов высокоэнтропийной керамики (MnFeCoNiCu)3O4, полученных с помощью процесса холодного спекания. Микроструктуры образцов имеют выраженные отличия: 20 мас. % дистиллированной воды не приводит к росту зерен, наблюдается только их уплотнение до 0.71 относительной плотности; при добавлении 0.1 мас. % CH3COONH4 и NaOH наблюдается рост среднего размера зерен при достижении близких показателей относительной плотности (0.70 и 0.71 соответственно). Рентгенодифракционный анализ показал, что процесс холодного спекания порошка (MnFeCoNiCu)3O4 не приводит к изменению фазового состава исходного порошка, что свидетельствует о сохранении высокоэнтропийной структуры.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>высокоэнтропийная керамика</kwd><kwd>оксидная керамика</kwd><kwd>процесс холодного спекания</kwd><kwd>спекание</kwd><kwd>фазовый состав</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>high-entropy ceramics</kwd><kwd>oxide ceramics</kwd><kwd>cold sintering process</kwd><kwd>sintering</kwd><kwd>phase composition</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации, Соглашение № 075-15-2021-974 от 28 сентября 2021 г.; прикладные исследования проведены по теме «Разработка технологических приемов снижения температуры спекания высокоэнтропийных керамических материалов на основе оксидов переходных металлов». Работа проводилась с использованием оборудования Центра коллективного пользвания «Объединенный учебно-научный центр коллективного пользования» МИРЭА – Российского технологического университета и Центра коллективного пользования «Наукоемкие технологии машиностроения» Московского Политеха.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Agreement No. 075-15-2021-974 of September 28, 2021. The applied research was conducted on the topic of “Development of technological methods for reducing the sintering temperature of high-entropy ceramic materials based on transition metal oxides.” The work was carried out with the use of equipment of the Joint Educational and Scientific Center for Collective Use at the MIREA – Russian Technological University and the Center for Collective Use “High-Tech Technologies of Mechanical Engineering” at the Moscow Polytechnic University. Also, the work was supported by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Sports of the Republic of Armenia, the research project No. 20TTWS-2F040.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yeh J.-W., Chen S.-K., Lin S.-J., Gan J.-Y., Chin T.-S., Shun T.-T., et al. Nanostructured High-Entropy Alloys with Multiple Principal Elements: Novel Alloy Design Concepts and Outcomes. Adv. Eng. Mater. 2004;6(5):299–303. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200300567</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yeh J.-W., Chen S.-K., Lin S.-J., Gan J.-Y., Chin T.-S., Shun T.-T., et al. Nanostructured High-Entropy Alloys with Multiple Principal Elements: Novel Alloy Design Concepts and Outcomes. Adv. Eng. 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