chemicallytechFine Chemical TechnologiesТонкие химические технологии2410-65932686-7575MIREA – Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA).10.32362/2410-6593-2022-17-3-231-241chemicallytech-1839Research ArticleArticlesСтатьиBiodegradable packaging materials based on low density polyethylene, starch and monoglyceridesБиоразлагаемые упаковочные материалы на основе полиэтилена низкой плотности, крахмала и моноглицеридовhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8488-5907ВасильевИ. Ю.VasilyevI. Yu.

Васильев Илья Юрьевич, преподаватель кафедры Инновационные материалы принтмедиаиндустрии Института принтмедиа и информационных технологий

127008, Москва, ул. Большая Семеновская, 38

Scopus Author ID 57195569317,

SPIN-код РИНЦ 2038-4156

Ilya Yu. Vasilyev, Lecturer, Department of Innovative Materials for the Print Media Industry, Institute of Print Media and Information Technologies

38, Bolshaya Semenovskaya ul., Moscow, 127008

Scopus Author ID 57195569317,

RSCI SPIN-code 2038-4156

iljanaras@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2049-7929АнаньевВ. В.AnanyevV. V.

Ананьев Владимир Владимирович, кандидат технических наук, профессор кафедры Инновационные материалы принтмедиаиндустрии Института принтмедиа и информационных технологий

127008, Москва, ул. Большая Семеновская, 38

SPIN-код РИНЦ 3099-6905

Vladimir V. Ananyev, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Department of Innovative Materials for the Print Media Industry, Institute of Print Media and Information Technologies

38, Bolshaya Semenovskaya ul., Moscow, 127008

RSCI SPIN-code 3099-6905

vovan261147@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9843-2183ЧерновМ. Е.ChernovM. E.

Чернов Мишель Евгеньевич, доктор технических наук, профессор кафедры Систем автоматизированного управления

109004, Москва, ул. Земляной Вал, д. 73

SPIN-код РИНЦ 3412-9777

Michel E. Chernov, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Department Automated Control Systems

73, Zemlyanoi Val ul., Moscow, 109004

RSCI SPIN-code 3412-9777

1mishel@mail.ruМосковский политехнический университетРоссияMoscow Polytechnic UniversityRussian FederationМосковский государственный университет технологий им. К.Г. РазумовскогоРоссияK.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of TechnologyRussian Federation202231072022173231241Copyright © Vasilyev I.Y., Ananyev V.V., Chernov M.E., 20222022Васильев И.Ю., Ананьев В.В., Чернов М.Е.Vasilyev I.Y., Ananyev V.V., Chernov M.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1839Objectives

Objectives. To investigate the production and biological degradation of biodegradable hybrid compositions (BHCs), dispersed-filled with starch-containing products of various origins and distilled monoglycerides, along with the biodegradation of compositions based on low density polyethylene and thermoplastic starch (TPS) of various origins: corn, pea, and rice.

Methods

Methods. Thermoplastic starch was obtained based on native starches of several types, which were processed in Brabender and MashkPlast (Russia) laboratory extruders. BHCs in the form of strands, granules, and films were obtained by mixing thermoplastic starches with polyethylene in extruders. Structural BHC parameters were studied by optical and electron scanning microscopy. The biodegradability of the composite films was evaluated by placing them in biohumus for six months; during storage, the change in water absorption of the films was determined. Before and after the biodegradation process, tensile fracture stress and elongation at rupture were determined to evaluate BHC performance (physical and mechanical characteristics of films). Changes in the chemical structure during biodegradation were determined by Fourier infrared spectroscopy.

Results

Results. The positive effect (acceleration of the biodegradation process) of using a novel type of starch plasticizer—monoglycerides distilled in TPS–polyethylene compositions—was confirmed. After six months, intensive sporulation of active microorganisms was observed on the surface of the samples. At the same time, water absorption by the samples reached 30%. The observed 60% decrease in strength and deformation properties indicates an intensive process of biodegradation.

Conclusions

Conclusions. The biodegradation rate was shown to depend on the concentration and even distribution of the natural biodegradable filler in the synthetic polymer composition.

 

 

Цели

Цели. Исследовать процесс производства биоразрушаемых гибридных композиций (БГК), дисперсно-наполненных крахмалсодержащими продуктами различного происхождения и дистиллированными моноглицеридами, и их биологическую деструкцию, а также процесс биоразложения композиций на основе полиэтилена низкой плотности и термопластичного крахмала (ТПК) различного происхождения: кукурузного, горохового и рисового.

Методы

Методы. Термопластичный крахмал получали на основе нативных крахмалов разных видов путем переработки их в лабораторных экструдерах фирм «Брабендер» и «МашПласт» (Россия). Смешивая в экструдерах термопластичные крахмалы с полиэтиленом, получали БГК в виде стренг, гранул и пленок. Структурные параметры БГК изучали методами оптической и электронной сканирующей микроскопии. Способность к биоразложению композитных пленок оценивали, помещая их на полгода в биогумус, и в процессе хранения определяли изменение водопоглощения пленок. Для оценки эксплуатационных свойств (физико-механических характеристик пленок) БГК определяли разрушающее напряжение при растяжении и относительное удлинение при разрыве до и после процесса биоразложения. Изменения химической структуры в процессе биоразложения определяли методом инфракрасной спектроскопии с преобразованием Фурье.

Результаты

Результаты. Подтвержден положительный эффект (ускорение процесса биоразложения) от использования нового типа пластификатора крахмала – дистиллированных моноглицеридов в композициях ТПК–полиэтилен. По истечении полугода на поверхности образцов наблюдали интенсивное спороношение активных микроорганизмов. При этом водопоглощение образцов достигало 30%, прочностные и деформационные свойства снизились на 60%, что свидетельствует об интенсивном протекании процесса биоразложения.

Выводы

Выводы. Установлено, что скорость процесса биоразложения композиций зависит от концентрационного соотношения вводимого ТПК, а также от его равномерного распределения в синтетическим полимере.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.