chemicallytechFine Chemical TechnologiesТонкие химические технологии2410-65932686-7575MIREA – Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA).10.32362/2410-6593-2021-16-1-36-54chemicallytech-1684Research ArticleCHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF MEDICINAL COMPOUNDS AND BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCESХИМИЯ И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙNew-generation osteoplastic materials based on biological and synthetic matricesОстеопластические материалы нового поколения на основе биологических и синтетических матриксовhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1612-1643ЛыкошинД. Д.LykoshinD. D.

Лыкошин Дмитрий Дмитриевич, инженер лаборатории биофармацевтических технологий. Scopus Author ID 57219992166, ResearcherID AAB-1166-2021

117997, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 16/10, к. 1

Dmitry D. Lykoshin, Engineer, Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Technologies. Scopus Author ID 57219992166, ResearcherID AAB-1166-2021

16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya ul., Moscow, 117997

ldd-94@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1109-5642ЗайцевВ. В.ZaitsevV. V.

Зайцев Владимир Валентинович, к.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник, руководитель группы остеопластических материалов. Scopus Author ID 56648236900, ResearcherID AAI-4110-2020

127299, Москва, ул. Приорова, д. 10

Vladimir V. Zaitsev, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, Team Leader of osteoplastic materials. Scopus Author ID 56648236900, ResearcherID AAI-4110-2020

10, Priorova ul., Moscow, 127299

zaitsev-cito@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6768-8995КостроминаМ. А.KostrominaM. A.

Костромина Мария Андреевна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории биофармацевтических технологий. Scopus Author ID 55123242300 ResearcherID R-9418-2016

117997, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 16/10, к. 1

Maria A. Kostromina, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Technologies. Scopus Author ID 55123242300 ResearcherID R-9418-2016

16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya ul., Moscow, 117997

kostromasha@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3231-5838ЕсиповР. С.EsipovR. S.

Есипов Роман Станиславович, д.х.н., старший научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией биофармацевтических технологий. Scopus Author ID 6701850033, Researcher ID G-4950-2017

117997, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 16/10, к. 1

Roman S. Esipov, Dr. Sci. (Chem.), Senior Reseacher, Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Technologies. Scopus Author ID 6701850033, Researcher ID G-4950-2017

16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya ul., Moscow, 117997

refolding@mail.ruИнститут биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова, Российская академия наукРоссияShemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр травматологии и ортопедии им. Н.Н. Приорова, Министерство здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияN.N. Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation2021170320211613654Copyright © Lykoshin D.D., Zaitsev V.V., Kostromina M.A., Esipov R.S., 20212021Лыкошин Д.Д., Зайцев В.В., Костромина М.А., Есипов Р.С.Lykoshin D.D., Zaitsev V.V., Kostromina M.A., Esipov R.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1684Objectives

Objectives. The purpose of this analytical review is to evaluate the market for osteoplastic materials and surgical implants, as well as study the features of new-generation materials and the results of clinical applications.

Methods

Methods. This review summarizes the volumes of research articles presented in the electronic database PubMed and eLIBRARY. A total of 129 scientific articles related to biological systems, calcium phosphate, polymer, and biocomposite matrices as carriers of pharmaceutical substances, primary recombinant protein osteoinductors, antibiotics, and biologically active chemical reagents were analyzed and summarized. The search depth was 10 years.

Results

Results. Demineralized bone matrix constitutes 26% of all types of osteoplastic matrices used globally in surgical osteology, which includes neurosurgery, traumatology and orthopedics, dentistry, and maxillofacial and pediatric surgery. Among the matrices, polymer and biocomposite matrices are outstanding. Special attention is paid to the possibility of immobilizing osteogenic factors and target pharmaceutical substances on the scaffold material to achieve controlled and prolonged release at the site of surgical implantation. Polymeric and biocomposite materials can retard the release of pharmaceutical substances at the implantation site, promoting a decrease in the toxicity and an improvement in the therapeutic effect. The use of composite scaffolds of different compositions in vivo results in high osteogenesis, promotes the initialization of biomineralization, and enables the tuning of the degradation rate of the material.

Conclusions

Conclusions. Osteoplastic materials of various compositions in combination with drugs showed accelerated regeneration and mineralization of bone tissue in vivo, excluding systemic side reactions. Furthermore, although some materials have already been registered as commercial drugs, a plethora of unresolved problems remain. Due to the limited clinical studies of materials for use on humans, there is still an insufficient understanding of the toxicity of materials, time of their resorption, speed of drug delivery, and the possible long-term adverse effects of using implants of different compositions.

Цели

Цели. Цель литературного обзора – анализ остеопластических материалов и хирургических имплантатов нового поколения, изучение особенностей, характеристик и результатов их клинического применения.

Методы

Методы. Обзор суммирует объем научно-исследовательских материалов, представленных на порталах «PubMed» и «eLIBRARY». Проанализирован и обобщен материал 129 научных статей по следующим разделам: биологические, кальций-фосфатные, полимерные и биокомпозитные матриксы в качестве носителей целевых фармацевтических субстанций (рекомбинантных белковых остеоиндукторов, антибиотиков и биологически активных химических реагентов). Глубина поиска 10 лет.

Результаты

Результаты. Среди всех видов остеопластических матриксов, применяемых в настоящее время в мировой хирургической остеологии, куда входит нейрохирургия, травматология и ортопедия, стоматология, челюстно-лицевая и детская хирургия, деминерализованный костный матрикс (ДКМ) занимает 26%. Полимерные и биокомпозитные матриксы сегодня представляются наиболее перспективными материалами в сравнении с ДКМ. Особое внимание в разработке новых видов матриксов уделяется возможности фиксации остеогенных факторов и целевых фармацевтических субстанций на материале-носителе с целью их контролируемого и пролонгированного выпуска на участке хирургической имплантации. Полимерные и биокомпозитные материалы способны замедлять время высвобождения фармсубстанций в месте имплантации, способствуя снижению токсичности и пролонгации терапевтического эффекта, являясь перспективной альтернативой аутогенной кости. Использование композитных носителей различного состава in vivo демонстрирует высокие показатели остеогенеза, способствует запуску биоминерализации и позволяет варьировать скорость деградации материала.

Выводы

Выводы. Остеопластические материалы различного состава в сочетании с лекарственными средствами показали ускорение регенерации и минерализации костной ткани in vivo, исключая системные побочные реакции. И, хотя некоторые материалы уже зарегистрированы в качестве коммерческих препаратов, все еще сохраняется ряд нерешенных проблем. Из-за ограниченности клинических исследований материалов на людях остаются открытыми такие вопросы как недостаточное понимание токсичности материалов, времени их резорбции, скорости доставки лекарственного средства и его высвобождения, а также возможные неблагоприятные эффекты от использования имплантатов различного состава.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.