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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">chemicallytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Fine Chemical Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тонкие химические технологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-6593</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7575</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MIREA – Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA).</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2410-6593-2020-15-4-51-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">chemicallytech-1632</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF INORGANIC MATERIALS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЯ И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ НЕОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Solvent extraction of europium(III) from technogenic solutions with the use of surfactants</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Жидкостная экстракция европия(III) из техногенных растворов с использованием поверхностноактивного вещества</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5150-3415</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джевага</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhevaga</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джевага Наталья Владимировна, кандидат химических наук, доцен. Scopus Author ID 37060535100, ResearcherID L-6217-2016</p><p>199106, Санкт-Петербург, 21-я линия В.О., д. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Dzhevaga, Cand. of Sci. (Chemistry), Associate Professor. Scopus Author ID 37060535100, ResearcherID L-6217-2016</p><p>2, 21 Liniya, Vasil’evskii ostrov, St. Petersburg, 199106</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8383-8890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лобачева</surname><given-names>О. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lobacheva</surname><given-names>O. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лобачева Ольга Леонидовна, кандидат химических наук, доцен. Scopus Author ID 17233818000, ResearcherID G-6008-2011</p><p>199106, Санкт-Петербург, 21-я линия В.О., д. 2 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga L. Lobacheva, Cand. of Sci. (Chemistry), Associated Professor.Scopus Author ID 17233818000, ResearcherID G-6008-2011</p><p>2, 21 Liniya, Vasil’evskii ostrov, St. Petersburg, 199106</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский Горный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Mining University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Dzhevaga N.V., Lobacheva O.L., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Джевага Н.В., Лобачева О.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dzhevaga N.V., Lobacheva O.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1632">https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1632</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. The extraction and separation of rare-earth metals is a complicated process that requires a multidisciplinary and detailed investigation. Liquid-liquid extraction with the use of surfactant, along with the thermodynamic analysis of the parameters is considered a promising approach. The extraction and separation of rare-earth metals from low-concentration solutions represents an attractive research opportunity. The extraction of europium(III) from nitric acid solutions in the form of dodecyl sulfates has been experimentally studied. This work focuses on the study of fundamental and alternative sources of rare-earth metals and their extraction and separation.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The extraction was performed on a top drive ES-8300 D equipment for 30 min at about 700 rpm. Infrared spectroscopy (Nicolet 6700 spectrometer) was used to determine the type of salts extracted into the organic phase. Extraction was studied in solutions with single cations and with a combination of the target element and interfering cations. For the latter, the concentrations of extracted elements in the aqueous phase were determined by optical emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma on an ICPE-9000 (Shimadzu) spectrometer. The spectrometer was calibrated using standard samples for ICP CertiPUR (Merck).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The dependence of the distribution and separation coefficients of rare-earth metals during extraction on the pH value of the aqueous phase at equilibrium was investigated. Moreover, the form in which the elements are extracted was analyzed based on thermodynamic parameters. The minimum concentration of the target component in the aqueous phase was observed at pH 4.0. In general, the dependence of the distribution coefficient on the pH value of the medium is poorly expressed over the entire range of the pH range of the water phase. Based on the spectra of spent and pure isooctyl alcohol, it was concluded that europium dodecyl sulfates are extracted into the organic phase as Eu(C12H25OSO3)3 solvates.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The extraction of europium(III) from nitric acid solutions in the form of dodecyl sulfates was demonstrated. The advantages of the proposed method are the possibility of selective extraction of the target component from dilute solutions and the use of an easily available surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate). The efficiency of extraction of europium dodecyl sulfates was maximal in the pH range from 2.0 to 7.5, which reflects a weak dependence on the acidity of the aqueous phase. In addition, in the highly alkaline pH region, the extraction efficiency is reduced.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цели</title><p>Цели. Литературные данные свидетельствуют о сложности извлечения и разделения редкоземельных металлов экстракционными методами и доказывают необходимость многостороннего и детального изучения данных процессов. Перспективным является осуществление экстракции с применением поверхностно-активного вещества и термодинамическим обоснованием полученных технологических величин. Инновационной идеей научного исследования является применение экстракционного метода для извлечения и разделения редкоземельных металлов из низкоконцентрированных растворов. Экспериментально изучен процесс извлечения европия(III) из азотнокислых растворов в форме додецилсульфатов экстракцией. Исследования ориентированы на изучение основных и альтернативных источников редкоземельных металлов, способов их извлечения и разделения.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Процесс проводили на верхнеприводном экстракторе ES-8300 D в течение 30 мин со скоростью около 700 об/мин. Для определения формы экстрагируемых солей в органической фазе применяли метод инфракрасной спектроскопии (спектрометр Nicolet 6700). Экстракцию изучали в растворах с единичными катионами и с комбинацией целевого компонента и интерферирующих катионов. Для последних растворов концентрации экстрагируемых элементов в совместном присутствии в водной фазе определяли методом оптической эмиссионной спектроскопии с индуктивно-связанной плазмой на спектрометре ICPE-9000 (Shimadzu). Калибровка спектрометра проводилась по стандартным образцам для ICP CertiPUR (Merck).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p> Результаты. Получены зависимости коэффициентов распределения и разделения редкоземельных металлов в процессе экстракционных процессов от величины рН равновесной водной фазы с установлением и термодинамическим обоснованием формы извлекаемых соединений. Установлено, что в процессе экстракции минимальная концентрация целевого компонента в водной фазе наблюдается при рН = 4.0. В целом на всем интервале исследуемого диапазона рН водной фазы зависимость коэффициента распределения от величины кислотности среды выражена слабо. По результатам анализа спектров отработанного и чистого изооктилового спирта сделано заключение, что додецилсульфаты европия извлекаются в органическую фазу в виде сольватов Eu(C12H25OSO3)3.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Экспериментально показана возможность извлечения европия(III) из азотнокислых растворов в форме додецилсульфатов экстракцией. Преимуществами предлагаемого метода являются возможность избирательного извлечения целевого компонента из разбавленных техногенных растворов и использование поверхностно-активного вещества (додецилсульфата натрия). Эффективность извлечения додецилсульфатов европия при экстракции максимальна в исследуемом диапазоне рН от 2.0 до 7.5, что отражает слабую зависимость от кислотности водной фазы. Кроме того, в сильнощелочной области рН эффективность извлечения экстракцией понижается.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экстракция</kwd><kwd>редкоземельные элементы</kwd><kwd>эффективность извлечения</kwd><kwd>коэффициенты распределения и разделения</kwd><kwd>додецилсульфат натрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>extraction</kwd><kwd>rare-earth elements</kwd><kwd>extraction efficiency</kwd><kwd>distribution and separation coefficients</kwd><kwd>sodium dodecyl sulfate</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке стипендией Президента Российской Федерации для молодых ученых и аспирантов, проект СП-347.2019.1 «Инновационный подход к эффективному извлечению редкоземельных элементов ионной флотацией с возможностью их индивидуализации в процессах концентрирования разбавленных растворов техногенного генезиса».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by the scholarship of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and postgraduates, project SP-347.2019.1 “Innovative approach to the effective extraction of rare earth elements by ion flotation with the possibility of their individualization in the processes of concentration of dilute solutions of technogenic Genesis.” This article has been translated from Russian into English by N. 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