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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">chemicallytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Fine Chemical Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тонкие химические технологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-6593</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7575</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MIREA – Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA).</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2410-6593-2020-15-3-21-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">chemicallytech-1620</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORETICAL BASIS OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ХИМИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Comparison of extractive distillation flowsheets for methanol–tetrahydrofuran–water mixtures</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнение схем экстрактивной ректификации смесей метанол–тетрагидрофуран–вода</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5664-4409</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Раева</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Raeva</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Раева Валентина Михайловна, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры химии и технологии основного органического синтеза. Scopus Author ID 6602836975, Researcher ID C-8812-2014</p><p>119571, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina M. Raeva, Cand. of Sci. (Engineering), Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Basic Organic Synthesis. Scopus Author ID 6602836975, Researcher ID C-8812-2014</p><p>86, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">raevalentina1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1178-6104</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубровский</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubrovsky</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дубровский Алексей Михайлович, инженер. Researcher ID Y-7320-2019</p><p>125239, Москва, Фармацевтический проезд, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey M. Dubrovsky, Engineer. Researcher ID Y-7320-2019</p><p>1, Farmatsevticheskii proezd, Moscow, 125239</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МИРЭА – Российский технологический университет (Институт тонких химических технологий имени М.В. Ломоносова)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MIREA – Russian Technological University (M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЗАО «МосФарма»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MosFarma</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Raeva V.M., Dubrovsky A.M., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Раева В.М., Дубровский А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Raeva V.M., Dubrovsky A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1620">https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1620</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. Synthesis and comparative analysis of the extractive distillation flowsheets for aqueous mixtures of solvents utilized in pharmaceutical industries using the example of a methanol−tetrahydrofuran−water system with various compositions. The ternary system contains two minimally boiling azeotropes that exist in a vapor–liquid phase equilibrium. To evaluate the selective effect of glycerol, the phase equilibria of the methanol–tetrahydrofuran–water and methanol–tetrahydrofuran–water–glycerol systems at 101.32 kPa were studied.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The calculations were carried out in the Aspen Plus V.9.0 software package. The vapor–liquid equilibria were simulated using the non-random two-liquid (NRTL) equation with the binary interaction parameters of the software package database. To account for the non-ideal behavior of the vapor phase, the Redlich–Kwong equation of state was used. The calculations of the extractive distillation schemes were carried out at 101.32 kPa.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The conceptual flowsheets of extractive distillation are proposed. The flowsheets consist of three (schemes I–III) or four (scheme IV) distillation columns operating at atmospheric pressure. In schemes I and II, the extractive distillation of the mixtures is carried out with tetrahydrofuran isolation occurring in the distillate stream. Further separation in the schemes differs in the order of glycerol isolation: in the third column for scheme I (traditional extractive distillation complex) or in the second column for scheme II (two-column extractive distillation complex + methanol/water separation column). Sсheme III caters to the complete dehydration of the basic ternary mixtures, followed by the extractive distillation of the azeotropic methanol–tetrahydrofuran system, also with glycerol. Sсheme IV includes a preconcentration column (for the partial removal of water) and a traditional extractive distillation complex.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. According to the criterion of least energy consumption for separation (the total load of the reboilers of distillation columns), sсheme I (a traditional complex of extractive distillation) is recommended. Additionally, the energy expended for the separation of the basic equimolar mixture using glycerol as the extractive agent was compared with that expended using another selective agent: 1,2-ethanediol. Glycerol is an effective extractive agent because it reduces energy consumption, in comparison with 1,2-ethanediol, by more than 5%.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цели</title><p>Цели. Синтез и сравнительный анализ схем экстрактивной ректификации водных смесей растворителей фармацевтических производств на примере системы метанол–тетрагидрофуран–вода различного состава. Трехкомпонентная система содержит два минимально кипящих азеотропа, которые присутствуют в диапазоне существования парожидкостного равновесия. Для оценки селективного действия глицерина исследованы фазовые равновесия систем метанол–тетрагидрофуран–вода и метанол–тетрагидрофуран–вода–глицерин при 101.32 кПа.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Вычислительный эксперимент выполнен на платформе Aspen Plus V.9.0. Проведены расчеты фазовых равновесий по уравнению NRTL (Non-Random Two-Liquid) с параметрами бинарного взаимодействия базы данных программного комплекса. Для учета неидеального поведения паровой фазы использовали уравнение состояния Редлиха–Квонга. Расчеты схем экстрактивной ректификации проведены при 101.32 кПа.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Предложены принципиальные технологические схемы разделения (I–IV), состоящие из трех (I–III) или четырех (IV) ректификационных колонн, работающих при атмосферном давлении. В схемах I, II проводилась экстрактивная ректификация базовых смесей с различным содержанием воды для выделения в дистиллатном потоке тетрагидрофурана. Дальнейшее разделение в схемах различалось очередностью выделения глицерина: в третьей колонне схемы I (традиционный трехколонный комплекс экстрактивной ректификации) или во второй колонне схемы II (двухколонный комплекс экстрактивной ректификации + колонна разделения метанола и воды). В схеме III предусмотрено полное обезвоживание базовых трехкомпонентных смесей с последующей экстрактивной ректификацией азеотропной системы метанол–тетрагидрофуран также с глицерином. Схема IV состоит из колонны концентрирования (частичного удаления воды) и традиционного комплекса экстрактивной ректификации.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. По критерию наименьших энергозатрат на разделение (суммарная нагрузка кипятильников ректификационных колонн) рекомендована схема I (традиционный комплекс экстрактивной ректификации). Дополнительно проведено сравнение энергозатрат схемы I при разделении смеси эквимолярного состава с другим селективным веществом – этиленгликолем, предложенным ранее в качестве агента. Глицерин является эффективным экстрактивным агентом, поскольку обеспечивает снижение энергозатрат более чем на 5%.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экстрактивная ректификация</kwd><kwd>схема</kwd><kwd>относительная летучесть</kwd><kwd>эффективный агент</kwd><kwd>метанол</kwd><kwd>тетрагидрофуран</kwd><kwd>вода</kwd><kwd>глицерин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>extractive distillation</kwd><kwd>tetrahydrofuran</kwd><kwd>water</kwd><kwd>glycerol</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 19-19-00620).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 19-19-00620). 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