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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">chemicallytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Fine Chemical Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тонкие химические технологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-6593</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7575</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MIREA – Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA).</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/2410-6593-2019-14-5-39-50</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">chemicallytech-1548</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORETICAL BASIS OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ХИМИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Flow and mixing processes in a passive mixing microfluidic chip: Parameters’ estimation and colorimetric analysis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Процессы течения и перемешивания в микрофлюидном чипе пассивного смешивания: оценка параметров и цветометрический анализ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2368-5562</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сарбашев</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarbashev</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сарбашев Кирилл Артемович, технолог научно-исследовательской лаборатории; аспирант кафедры технологии хранения и переработки продуктов животноводства</p><p>ResearcherID X-1340-2019</p><p>129272, Москва, ул. Трифоновская, д. 47, стр. 1; 127550, Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, д. 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill A. Sarbashev, Technologist, Research Laboratory; Postgraduate Student, Chair of Storage and Processing Technologies of Animal Origin Products</p><p>ResearcherID X-1340-2019</p><p>47-1, Trifonovskaya ul., Moscow 129272, Russia; 49, Timiryazevskaya ul., Moscow 127550, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">SarbashevKA@materiamedica.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9139-7255</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифорова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никифорова Марина Владимировна, руководитель проектов по фармацевтическим технологиям научно-аналитического отдела; аспирант кафедры фармацевтической и токсикологической химии</p><p>ResearcherID X-3703-2019</p><p>129272, Москва, ул. Трифоновская, д. 47, стр. 1; 1171981, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Nikiforova, Pharmaceutical Technology Project Manager, Research and Analytical Department; Postgraduate Student, Chair of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry</p><p>ResearcherID X-3703-2019</p><p>47-1, Trifonovskaya ul., Moscow 129272, Russia; 6, Miklukho-Maklaya ul., Moscow 117198, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nauka@materiamedica.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5158-9500</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шульга</surname><given-names>Д. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shulga</surname><given-names>D. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шульга Дарья Петровна, младший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории; аспирант кафедры фармацевтической и токсикологической химии</p><p>ResearcherID X-3272-2019</p><p>129272, Москва, ул. Трифоновская, д. 47, стр. 1; 1171981, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Darya P. Shulga, Junior Researcher, Research Laboratory; Postgraduate Student, Chair of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry</p><p>ResearcherID X-3272-2019</p><p>47-1, Trifonovskaya ul., Moscow 129272, Russia; 6, Miklukho-Maklaya ul., Moscow 117198, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Shulgadp@materiamedica.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9508-2384</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишкина</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishkina</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шишкина Маргарита Андреевна, старший научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории</p><p>ResearcherID O-8014-2014</p><p>129272, Москва, ул. Трифоновская, д. 47, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita A. Shishkina, Senior Researcher, Research Laboratory</p><p>ResearcherID O-8014-2014</p><p>47-1, Trifonovskaya ul., Moscow 129272, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">KanareykinaMA@materiamedica.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2425-174X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тарасов Сергей Александрович, кандидат медицинских наук, директор департамента научных исследований и разработок; ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологически активных веществ</p><p>ResearcherID X-2509-2018</p><p>129272, Москва, ул. Трифоновская, д. 47, стр. 1; 125315, Москва, ул. Балтийская, д. 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Tarasov, Cand. of Sci. (Medicine), Director of Research &amp; Development Department; Leading Research Associate, Laboratory of Physiologically Active Substances</p><p>ResearcherID X-2509-2018</p><p>47-1, Trifonovskaya ul., Moscow 129272, Russia; 8, Baltiyskaya ul., Moscow 125315, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">TarasovSA@materiamedica.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «НПФ «Материа Медика Холдинг»; Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ООО «НПФ «Материа Медика Холдинг»; Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА им. К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «НПФ «Материа Медика Холдинг»; Российский университет дружбы народов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ООО «НПФ «Материа Медика Холдинг»; Российский университет дружбы народов</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «НПФ «Материа Медика Холдинг»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ООО «НПФ «Материа Медика Холдинг»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «НПФ «Материа Медика Холдинг»; Научно-исследовательский институт общей патологии и патофизиологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ООО «НПФ «Материа Медика Холдинг»; Научно-исследовательский институт общей патологии и патофизиологии</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Sarbashev K.A., Nikiforova M.V., Shulga D.P., Shishkina M.A., Tarasov S.A., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сарбашев К.А., Никифорова М.В., Шульга Д.П., Шишкина М.А., Тарасов С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sarbashev K.A., Nikiforova M.V., Shulga D.P., Shishkina M.A., Tarasov S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1548">https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/1548</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. The development of microfluidic systems is one of the promising areas of science and technology. In most procedures performed using microfluidic systems, effective mixing in microfluidic channels of microreactors (chips) is of particular importance, because it has an effect on the sensitivity and speed of analytical procedures. The aim of this study is to describe and evaluate the major parameters of the flow and mixing processes in a passive microfluidic micromixer, and to develop an information-measuring system to monitor the dynamics of flow (mixing) of liquids.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. This article provides an overview of the concept of microfluidic mixing chips (micromixers) and their classification, and analyzes the kinds of points of mixing and microfluidic channels for mixing. The article presents the description and calculations of the hydrodynamic similarity criteria (Reynolds, Dean and Peclet numbers), which are the critical parameters for creating and optimizing micromixers (for example, straight and curved channels in the flow rate range between 100 and 1000 µl/min). We have developed an information-measuring system to monitor the dynamics of flow (mixing) of liquids in a microfluidic channel, which consists of a microscope with a digital eyepiece (LOMO MIB, Russia), an Atlas syringe pump (Syrris Ltd., UK) and a passive mixing microfluidic chip of interest (made of clear glass). This system was designed to quickly illustrate the principles of mixing in microfluidic channels of different configurations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The developed system has allowed carrying out a colorimetric analysis of the modes and dynamics of mixing two liquids (5% aqueous solution of azorubine dye and water) at the T-shaped mixing point, at the straight and curved (double-bend shaped) sections of the microfluidic channel of the passive-type micromixer with flow rates varying from 100 to 400 µl/min.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. According to the obtained calculations, the share of the advective mixing processes (formation of vortex flows and increase in the contact area of the mixed substances) in flowing liquids is significantly higher in curved microchannels. The developed information-measuring system to monitor the dynamics of flow (mixing) of liquids in a microfluidic channel is a convenient tool for optimizing the mixing modes in the channels of micromixers, and for designing new configurations of channels in microchips. It would allow intensifying processes and increasing the performance of microfluidic systems.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Цели</title><p>Цели. Разработка микрофлюидных систем является одним из перспективных направлений развития науки и техники. В большинстве процедур, проводимых с помощью микрофлюидных систем, важное значение имеет эффективное перемешивание в микрофлюидных каналах микрореакторов (чипов), которое влияет на чувствительность и быстроту аналитических процедур. Целью работы являлись описание и оценка основных параметров течения и смешивания в микрофлюидном микросмесителе пассивного смешивания и разработка информационно-измерительной системы контроля динамики протекания (перемешивания) жидкостей в нем.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Данная статья содержит обзор концепции микрофлюидных чипов смешивания (микросмесителей), их классификацию, обсуждены разновидности точек смешивания и микрофлюидных каналов смешивания. Приведены описание и расчеты критериев гидродинамического подобия (числа Рейнольдса, Пекле и Дина), являющихся критическими параметрами для разработки и оптимизации микросмесителей (на примере прямого и изогнутого каналов в диапазоне скоростей потоков от 100 до 1000 мкл/мин). Разработана информационно-измерительная система контроля динамики протекания (перемешивания) жидкостей в микрофлюидном канале, состоящая из микроскопа с цифровым окуляром («ЛОМО» МИБ, Россия), шприцевого насоса Atlas (Syrris Ltd., Великобритания) и исследуемого микрофлюидного чипа пассивного смешивания, изготовленного из прозрачного стекла. Данная система предназначена для того, чтобы оперативно проиллюстрировать принципы перемешивания в микрофлюидных каналах разной конфигурации.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. С помощью разработанной системы проведен цветометрический анализ режимов и динамики перемешивания двух жидкостей (5% водного раствора красителя азорубина и воды) в Т-образной точке смешивания, на прямом и изогнутых (в форме змеевика) участках микрофлюидного канала микросмесителя пассивного типа при варьировании скорости потоков от 100 до 400 мкл/мин.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Согласно полученным расчетам, доля адвективных процессов смешивания (образование вихревых потоков и увеличение площади контакта смешиваемых веществ) в протекающих жидкостях существенно выше в изогнутых микроканалах микрочипов. Разработанная информационно-измерительная система контроля динамики протекания (перемешивания) жидкостей в микрофлюидном канале является удобным инструментом для работ по оптимизации режимов смешивания в каналах микросмесителей и для проектирования новых конфигураций каналов в микрочипах, что позволяет интенсифицировать процессы и увеличить производительность микрофлюидных систем.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микрофлюидика</kwd><kwd>микрофлюидный чип</kwd><kwd>микросмеситель пассивного смешивания</kwd><kwd>критерии гидродинамического подобия</kwd><kwd>цветометрический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microfluidics</kwd><kwd>microfluidic chip</kwd><kwd>passive micromixer</kwd><kwd>criteria of hydrodynamic similarity</kwd><kwd>colorimetric analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sackmann E.K., Fulton A.L., Beebe D.J. 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