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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">chemicallytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Fine Chemical Technologies</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Тонкие химические технологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2410-6593</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-7575</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MIREA – Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA).</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32362/24106593-2018-13-3-41-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">chemicallytech-150</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORETICAL BASIS OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ХИМИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>SHARP DISTILLATION FOR QUATERNARY SYSTEMS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ПРОМЕЖУТОЧНОЕ ЗАДАННОЕ РАЗДЕЛЕНИЕ ПРИ РЕКТИФИКАЦИИ ЧЕТЫРЕХКОМПОНЕНТНЫХ СМЕСЕЙ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5675-5777</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фролкова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frolkova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., доцент, кафедра химии и технологии основного органического синтеза</p><p>119571, Россия, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 86</p><p>Researcher ID N-4517-2014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Chair of Chemistry and Technology of Basic Organic Synthesis</p><p>86, Vernadskogo Pr., Moscow 119571, Russia</p><p>Researcher ID N-4517-2014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">frolkova_nastya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пешехонцева</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Peshekhontseva</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студентка, кафедра химии и технологии основного органического синтеза</p><p>119571, Россия, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student, Chair of Chemistry and Technology of Basic Organic Synthesis</p><p>86, Vernadskogo Pr., Moscow 119571, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаганов</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaganov</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент, кафедра химии и технологии основного органического синтеза</p><p>119571, Россия, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student, Chair of Chemistry and Technology of Basic Organic Synthesis</p><p>86, Vernadskogo Pr., Moscow 119571, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МИРЭА - Российский технологический университет (Институт тонких химических технологий им. М.В. Ломоносова)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MIREA - Russian Technological University (M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Frolkova A.V., Peshekhontseva M.S., Gaganov I.S., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фролкова А.В., Пешехонцева М.С., Гаганов И.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Frolkova A.V., Peshekhontseva M.S., Gaganov I.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/150">https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/150</self-uri><abstract><p>Conditions of sharp distillation were considered for zeotropic quaternary system (two pairs of components are characterized by relative volatility close to 1) and systems with one (with minimum or maximum boiling point) and two (with minimum and maximum boiling point) binary azeotropes. Regions of compositions for which sharp distillation is effective (distillate and bottom flows don't contain common components) were determined on the basis of analyzing diagrams of unit manifolds of distribution coefficients (distribution coefficients of two components are higher than one, and those of another two components - lower than one). This kind of separation can be recommended if it doesn’t cause an increase in the number of apparatuses in the separation flowsheet. If the system contains azeotropes of saddle type that can generate separatric manifolds, the possibility and expedience of sharp separation decreases. The conclusions were confirmed by simulation of the distillation process in AspenPlus V.10.0 for real and industrially important quaternary systems: ethyl acetate - benzene - toluene - butyl acetate; acetone - methanol - ethanol - propanol-2; methyl acetate - methanol - acetic acid - acetic anhydride and cyclohexene - cyclohexane - cyclohexanone - phenol. Mathematical modeling was carried out using local compositions models Wilson and NRTL-HOC. The relative error of vapor-liquid equilibrium description is less than 4%. The vapor-liquid equilibrium was simulated, a phase diagram was constructed and analyzed, the parameters of sharp distillation column operation (the number of stages, the feed-stage and reflux ratio) were determined for all systems. The effectiveness of using sharp distillation for the system with phenol was confirmed for a wide range of compositions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Определены условия реализации промежуточного заданного разделения для четырехкомпонентных зеотропных систем (две пары компонентов характеризуются относительной летучестью компонентов, близкой к единице) и систем с одним (положительным или отрицательным) и двумя (положительным и отрицательным) бинарными азеотропами. На основе анализа диаграмм единичных многообразий коэффициентов распределения компонентов выделены области составов, для которых эффективно использование промежуточного (дистиллят и куб не содержат общих компонентов) разделения (коэффициенты распределения двух компонентов больше единицы, двух других - меньше единицы). Данное разделение рекомендуется, если оно не приводит к увеличению числа аппаратов в схеме. Если в системе присутствуют азеотропы седловидного типа, порождающие сепаратрические многообразия, возможность и целесообразность применения промежуточного заданного разделения резко сокращается. Полученные выводы подтверждены в ходе вычислительного эксперимента с использованием программного комплекса AspenPlus V.10.0 на примере реальных и промышленных систем этилацетат - бензол - толуол - бутилацетат, ацетон - метанол - этанол - пропанол-2, метилацетат - метанол - уксусная кислота - уксусный ангидрид и циклогексен - циклогексан - циклогексанон - фенол. Моделирование проводилось с использованием моделей локальных составов Wilson и NRTL-HOC. Относительная ошибка описания парожидкостного равновесия не превышала 3%. Для всех систем проведен расчет парожидкостного равновесия, построены и проанализированы диаграммы фазового равновесия, определены параметры работы ректификационной колонны (число теоретических тарелок, тарелка питания, флегмовое число), работающей в режиме промежуточного разделения смесей заданного состава. Для системы с фенолом подтверждена эффективность применения промежуточного разделения в широком диапазоне концентраций.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ректификация</kwd><kwd>промежуточное разделение</kwd><kwd>равновесие жидкость-пар</kwd><kwd>азеотроп</kwd><kwd>относительная летучесть компонентов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>distillation</kwd><kwd>sharp separation</kwd><kwd>vapor-liquid equilibrium</kwd><kwd>azeotrope</kwd><kwd>relative volatility</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жаров В.Т., Серафимов Л.А. Физико-химические основы дистилляции и ректификации. Л.: Химия, 1975. 240 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zharov V.T., Serafimov L.A. Phisico-chemical basis of distillation and rectification. Leningrad: Khimiya Publ., 1975. 240 р. 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