chemicallytechFine Chemical TechnologiesТонкие химические технологии2410-65932686-7575MIREA – Russian Technological University (RTU MIREA).10.32362/24106593-2018-13-3-5-22chemicallytech-147Research ArticleTHEORETICAL BASIS OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGYТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ХИМИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИSYNTHESIS OF FLOWSHEETS FOR SEPARATION OF MULTIPHASE MIXTURES: STATE OF THE ARTСИНТЕЗ СХЕМ РАЗДЕЛЕНИЯ РАССЛАИВАЮЩИХСЯ СМЕСЕЙ: СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5675-5777ФролковаА. В.FrolkovaA. V.

к.т.н., доцент, кафедра химии и технологии основного органического синтеза

119571, Россия, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 86

Researcher ID N-4517-2014

Ph.D. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Chair of Chemistry and Technology of Basic Organic Synthesis

86, Vernadskogo Pr., Moscow 119571, Russia

Researcher ID N-4517-2014

frolkova_nastya@mail.ruМеркульеваА. Д.MerkulyevaA. D.

студентка, кафедра химии и технологии основного органического синтеза

119571, Россия, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 86

Student, Chair of Chemistry and Technology of Basic Organic Synthesis

86, Vernadskogo Pr., Moscow 119571, Russia

noemail@neicon.ruГагановИ. С.GaganovI. S.

студент, кафедра химии и технологии основного органического синтеза

119571, Россия, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 86

Student, Chair of Chemistry and Technology of Basic Organic Synthesis

86, Vernadskogo Pr., Moscow 119571, Russia

noemail@neicon.ruМИРЭА - Российский технологический университет (Институт тонких химических технологий имени М.В. Ломоносова)РоссияMIREA - Russian Technological University (M.V. Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies)Russian Federation201828062018133522Copyright © Frolkova A.V., Merkulyeva A.D., Gaganov I.S., 20182018Фролкова А.В., Меркульева А.Д., Гаганов И.С.Frolkova A.V., Merkulyeva A.D., Gaganov I.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.finechem-mirea.ru/jour/article/view/147

The paper presents an analysis of the current state of research on separation flowsheets based on the combination of distillation and phase separation processes, as well as heteroazeotropic distillation. It is shown that the works of foreign researchers devoted to the study of flowhseets with decanters are more focused on finding ways to reduce energy consumption by introducing additional separators, a combination of several methods (extractive and heteroazeotropic complex columns with external decanters. The task of synthesizing all possible separation flowsheets is not considered in these works. In this paper, a complete set of flowsheets of different structures based on the combination of distillation and phase separation processes, including the use of columns with an external decanter, is proposed for water - butyl acetate - methanol and methanol - heptane-water ternary mixtures separation. Aspen Plus and NRTL model were used for mathematical modelling of phase equilibrium (the relative error of describing liquid-vapor and liquid-liquid equilibrium is less than 5%) was chosen as a method of research. Operating parameters for distillation columns (the number of theoretical plates, feed plate, reflux ratio) and the total energy consumption were obtained for each case. The necessity of using a double feed-plate column for separating of propanol-1 - water - butanol-1 and ethyl acetate - water - butyl acetate ternary systems was explained by the presence of extractive effect. Analytical review of modern publications and results of own research allowed to formulate a number of recommendations for the synthesis of energy effective flowsheets based on a combination of distillation and phase separation processes.

Представлен анализ современного состояния исследования структур схем разделения, основанных на сочетании ректификации и расслаивания, а также использовании гетероазеотропной ректификации. Показано, что работы зарубежных авторов, посвященные исследованию схем с сепараторами, в большей степени ориентированы на поиск путей снижения энергозатат путем введения дополнительных сепараторов, сочетания нескольких методов (экстрактивная и гетероазеотропная ректификация), использования сложных колонн с выносными сепараторами. Задача синтеза всего множества схем в этих работах не ставится. В настоящей работе синтезировано полное множество схем разделения различной структуры, основанных на сочетании ректификации и расслаивания, в том числе с использованием колонн с выносным сепаратором, для трехкомпонентных смесей вода - бутилацетат - метанол и метанол - гептан - вода. В качестве метода исследования выбрано математическое моделирование в программном комплексе AspenPlus с использованием уравнения локальных составов NRTL (относительная ошибка описания равновесий жидкость-пар и жидкость-жидкость не превышает 5%). Подобраны параметры работы ректификационных колонн(число теоретически тарелок, тарелка питания, флегмовое число) и определены суммарные энергозатраты, обеспечивающие получение веществ чистотой, отвечающих ГОСТ. Проведен сравнительный анализ схем различной структуры. Для систем пропанол-1 - вода - бутанол-1, этилацетат - вода - бутилацетат обоснована необходимость разновысотной подачи исходной смеси и разделяющего агента, обусловленная наличием экстрактивного эффекта. Аналитический обзор современных публикаций (2010-2017 гг.) и результаты собственных исследований позволили сформулировать ряд рекомендаций по синтезу энергоэффективных схем, основанных на сочетании ректификации и расслаивания.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.